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Sour Orange Tree - Naranj Shiraz - نارنج‎

$1,500.00

Size:

24" Box - ~6ft tall & ~2" trunk ($1,500.00) 30" Box - ~7ft tall & ~2 1/2" trunk ($2,000.00)

Sour Orange Tree - Naranj Shiraz - نارنج‎

Naranj Shiraz is a very delicious, tart flesh sour orange with seeds and fragrant flowers. Naranj fruits are traditionally used like lemon with fish and salad dishes. Our trees are over 13 years old and grandfathered in. Younger trees will be available in 3 years.

COMPATIBILITY: Compatible with your zone Not Compatible with your zone ()

Size:

24" Box - ~6ft tall & ~2" trunk ($1,500.00) 30" Box - ~7ft tall & ~2 1/2" trunk ($2,000.00)
17 in stock
We're sorry, but this item is unavailable to ship to your area.

Plant Type: Evergreen

USDA Hardiness Zones: 8-11

Plant Description Size & Spacing Planting Sunlight Watering Fertilizing Pruning Pests

Citrus × aurantium, commonly known as Sour orange or Seville orange, is a hybrid citrus fruit resulting from the cross between a pomelo (Citrus maxima) and a mandarin (Citrus reticulata). This fruit is primarily known for its sour, bitter flavor and is widely used in cooking, traditional medicine, and essential oil production. Unlike sweet oranges, bitter oranges have a more astringent and aromatic quality.

Key Characteristics

  • Fruit Appearance: The fruit has a thick, rough, and orange-colored rind. The flesh is sour and bitter with a relatively high acidity.
  • Tree Size: Citrus × aurantium trees can grow to around 20-30 feet tall and are typically evergreen. They have dark green, glossy leaves and fragrant white flowers.
  • Flowers: The blossoms are highly fragrant and are often used to produce orange blossom water, a common ingredient in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisine.

Uses of Citrus × aurantium

  1. Marmalade: The bitter, aromatic flavor of Seville oranges makes them the primary fruit used in making traditional marmalade.
  2. Culinary Uses: Bitter orange is used to flavor sauces, liqueurs (such as Curaçao and Triple Sec), and as a spice in Middle Eastern dishes.
  3. Medicinal Uses: Bitter orange is used in traditional medicine to aid digestion, treat colds, and as a weight-loss supplement (though care should be taken due to potential side effects from the compound synephrine).
  4. Perfumes and Essential Oils: The rind of the fruit is used to extract essential oils, which are often used in perfumes, cosmetics, and aromatherapy. The oil derived from the flowers is known as neroli oil and the oil from the leaves is called petitgrain.

Growing Conditions

  • Sunlight: Like other citrus trees, Citrus × aurantium requires full sun for optimal growth and fruit production.
  • Soil: It prefers well-draining, sandy or loamy soils with a slightly acidic to neutral pH (6.0-7.0).
  • Watering: Water the tree deeply and regularly during the growing season, but allow the soil to dry out between waterings to avoid root rot.
  • Temperature: Bitter orange trees thrive in USDA hardiness zones 8-11. They tolerate light frost but should be protected from extended cold periods.

Harvesting

Bitter oranges are typically harvested in winter and early spring. The fruit is ripe when the skin turns a bright orange, but they remain firm and slightly hard.

Historical Significance

Citrus × aurantium has been cultivated for centuries and is believed to have originated in Southeast Asia. It was brought to Europe and the Mediterranean region via trade routes and has since become a key component in European and Middle Eastern cuisine. Seville, Spain, is particularly famous for its cultivation of bitter oranges, which are used to make the renowned Seville orange marmalade.

When planting fruit trees, spacing is crucial for their healthy growth and optimal fruit production. Here's a brief instruction on size and spacing:
Spacing Between Trees:
  • Standard-sized fruit trees typically require spacing of 20 to 25 feet between each tree.
  • Semi-dwarf varieties may need spacing of 15 to 20 feet, while dwarf fruit trees can be spaced closer, around 10 to 15 feet apart.
Row Spacing:
  • If planting multiple rows of fruit trees, maintain spacing between rows to allow for adequate sunlight penetration and airflow.
  • Rows should typically be spaced 25 to 30 feet apart for standard-sized trees, and 15 to 20 feet apart for semi-dwarf and dwarf varieties.
Consider Tree Height and Spread:
  • Consider the mature height and spread of the fruit trees when determining spacing.
  • Ensure enough space between trees and other structures to accommodate their growth without crowding.
Orientation:
  • Plant fruit trees in rows with the north to south orientation to maximize sunlight exposure on both sides of the trees.
Planting Distance from Structures:
  • Avoid planting fruit trees too close to buildings, fences, or other structures, as their roots may cause damage over time. 
Soil Preparation:
  • Prepare the planting area by loosening the soil and incorporating organic matter to improve drainage and fertility. 
Planting Depth:
  • Plant fruit trees at the same depth as they were in the nursery container, ensuring that the graft union (if present) is above the soil level.
By following these spacing guidelines and considering the size and growth habits of the fruit trees, you can ensure proper spacing for healthy trees and abundant fruit production.

Step One:
Soil and Planting: Plant in soil that drains well. Dig a hole that is as deep as the tree’s roots and at least twice as wide.

Step Two:
Place the tree in the hole and backfill around the plant’s roots with a mixture of the native soil and high-quality planting mix that has washed sand and organic fertilizer.

Step Three:
Create a basin around the roots drip zone so that water collects. Water deeply until the roots and nearby soil is saturated and reaches field capacity.

Understanding sunlight requirements is crucial for the successful growth and fruit production of fruit trees. Here's a brief instruction on sunlight requirements:
Full Sun Exposure:
  • Most fruit trees thrive in full sun, which typically means they need at least 6 to 8 hours of direct sunlight each day.
  • Choose a planting location that receives ample sunlight throughout the day, preferably in a spot with southern or western exposure.
Importance of Sunlight:
  • Sunlight is essential for photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy to fuel growth and fruit production.
  • Adequate sunlight promotes healthy leaf development, flowering, and fruit ripening in fruit trees.
Shade Considerations:
  • Avoid planting fruit trees in areas with excessive shade from buildings, tall trees, or other structures, as this can inhibit growth and reduce fruit production.
  • Trees planted in shaded areas may produce fewer fruits, have slower growth rates, and be more susceptible to diseases and pests.
Optimal Sunlight Distribution:
  • Ensure that fruit trees are spaced appropriately to allow sunlight to reach all parts of the tree, including the canopy, branches, and fruiting spurs.
  • Prune surrounding trees or shrubs that may shade fruit trees and obstruct sunlight.
Seasonal Changes:
  • Monitor changes in sunlight exposure throughout the year, as seasonal variations in sun angle and tree foliage can affect light availability.
  • Adjust planting locations or prune surrounding vegetation as needed to maintain optimal sunlight exposure for fruit trees.
    By providing fruit trees with adequate sunlight, you can support healthy growth, flowering, and fruiting, ultimately maximizing the productivity and quality of your harvest.
    Instructions on watering fruit trees:
    Establishment Period:
    • During the first year after planting, fruit trees require regular watering to establish strong root systems.
    • Water newly planted fruit trees deeply and frequently, providing enough moisture to keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged.
    Frequency of Watering:
    • In general, fruit trees should be watered deeply once or twice a week, depending on soil type, weather conditions, and tree species.
    • Adjust the frequency of watering based on rainfall, temperature, and soil moisture levels to prevent both under-watering and over-watering.
    Watering Depth:
    • Water fruit trees deeply to encourage deep root growth and drought tolerance.
    • Apply water slowly and evenly to ensure that it penetrates the soil to a depth of at least 12 to 18 inches.
    Watering Technique:
    • Use drip irrigation, soaker hoses, or watering bags to deliver water directly to the root zone of fruit trees, minimizing water loss through evaporation and runoff.
    • Avoid overhead watering, as it can promote fungal diseases and waste water by spraying foliage instead of reaching the root system.
    Timing of Watering:
    • Water fruit trees in the early morning or late afternoon to reduce water loss through evaporation and minimize stress on the trees during the hottest part of the day.
    • Avoid watering fruit trees during windy or extremely hot conditions, as water may evaporate quickly before it can be absorbed by the roots.
    Monitoring Soil Moisture:
    • Monitor soil moisture regularly by checking soil moisture levels with a moisture meter or by conducting a simple soil moisture test using your finger.
    • Adjust watering practices based on soil moisture levels and weather conditions to ensure that fruit trees receive adequate moisture throughout the growing season.
    Drought Conditions:
    • During periods of drought or prolonged dry spells, increase the frequency and duration of watering to prevent drought stress and maintain tree health.
    • Consider applying a layer of mulch around the base of fruit trees to conserve soil moisture and reduce water loss through evaporation.
      By following these watering instructions, you can help ensure that your fruit trees receive the moisture they need to thrive and produce healthy, abundant fruit.
      Instructions on fertilizing  fruit trees:
      Timing of Fertilization:
      • Fertilize fruit trees in early spring, just before new growth begins, to provide essential nutrients for the upcoming growing season.
      • Avoid fertilizing fruit trees late in the growing season, as it may stimulate late-season growth that is susceptible to winter damage.
      Type of Fertilizer:
      • Choose a balanced fertilizer specifically formulated for fruit trees, such as a 10-10-10 or 12-12-12 NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) fertilizer.
      • Consider using organic fertilizers, such as compost, aged manure, or organic fertilizer blends, to promote soil health and reduce the risk of chemical buildup.
      Application Method:
      • Apply fertilizer evenly around the base of the fruit tree, extending beyond the drip line of the branches.
      • Avoid placing fertilizer directly against the trunk of the tree, as it may cause root burn or damage to the tree.
      Amount of Fertilizer:
      • Follow the recommended application rates provided on the fertilizer label or based on the specific needs of the fruit tree species and soil conditions.
      • Use caution not to over-fertilize fruit trees, as excessive nitrogen can lead to excessive vegetative growth at the expense of fruit production.
      Watering After Fertilization:
      • Water the fruit tree thoroughly after applying fertilizer to help dissolve and distribute the nutrients into the soil.
      • Adequate moisture is essential to ensure that the roots can absorb the nutrients from the fertilizer effectively.
      Frequency of Fertilization:
      • For established fruit trees, fertilize once a year in early spring, unless soil tests indicate a specific nutrient deficiency that requires additional fertilization.
      • Young or newly planted fruit trees may benefit from lighter, more frequent applications of fertilizer during the first few years to support growth and establishment.
      Soil Testing:
      • Periodically conduct soil tests to assess nutrient levels and pH balance, as well as to determine the specific fertilizer needs of fruit trees.
      • Adjust fertilization practices based on soil test results to ensure that fruit trees receive the appropriate nutrients for optimal growth and fruit production.
        By following these fertilizing instructions, you can help ensure that your fruit trees receive the essential nutrients they need to thrive and produce healthy, abundant fruit.
        Instructions on pruning fruit trees:
        Timing of Pruning:
        • Prune fruit trees during the dormant season, typically in late winter to early spring before new growth begins.
        • Avoid pruning fruit trees during periods of active growth or in late fall, as it may stimulate new growth that is vulnerable to winter damage.
        Tools and Equipment:
        • Use sharp, clean pruning tools, such as hand pruners, loppers, and pruning saws, to make clean cuts and minimize the risk of disease transmission.
        • Disinfect pruning tools between each tree to prevent the spread of pathogens.
        Objectives of Pruning:
        • Remove dead, diseased, or damaged branches to improve the overall health and appearance of the fruit tree.
        • Thin out crowded or crossing branches to improve air circulation and sunlight penetration within the canopy.
        • Shape the tree to promote an open, well-structured canopy that allows for even fruit production and easy harvesting.
        Pruning Techniques:
        • Begin by removing any dead, diseased, or broken branches, making clean cuts just outside the branch collar (the swollen area where the branch meets the trunk).
        • Thin out excessive growth by selectively removing crowded or crossing branches to allow for better light and air distribution.
        • Use heading cuts to prune back overly vigorous branches to encourage branching and promote fruiting wood formation.
        • Consider the fruiting habit of the tree species when pruning, as some fruit trees produce fruit on spurs (short, stubby branches) while others bear fruit on new growth.
          Training Young Trees:
          • Train young fruit trees by selectively pruning to establish a strong, well-balanced framework of scaffold branches.
          • Encourage outward growth by pruning back inward-growing branches and removing competing leaders to maintain a central leader or open-center shape.
            Considerations for Different Tree Species:
            • Different fruit tree species may have specific pruning requirements based on their growth habits, fruiting patterns, and desired form.
            • Research the specific pruning needs of the fruit tree species you are growing and tailor your pruning practices accordingly.
              Monitoring and Maintenance:
              • Monitor the fruit tree throughout the growing season for any additional pruning needs, such as removing water sprouts or suckers that may develop.
              • Regularly inspect the tree for signs of pests, diseases, or other issues that may require pruning intervention.
                By following these pruning instructions, you can help maintain the health, productivity, and appearance of your fruit trees for optimal growth and fruit production.
                Instructions on pest management for fruit trees:
                • Monitor for Pests:
                  • Regularly inspect fruit trees for signs of pest infestation, such as chewed leaves, distorted growth, or the presence of insects or larvae.
                  • Keep an eye out for common fruit tree pests, including aphids, scale insects, mites, caterpillars, and fruit flies.
                • Cultural Practices:
                  • Maintain good cultural practices, such as proper pruning, watering, and fertilizing, to promote healthy, resilient fruit trees that are better able to withstand pest attacks.
                  • Remove and destroy any fallen fruit, leaves, or other plant debris that may harbor pests or disease pathogens.
                • Natural Predators:
                  • Encourage natural predators of pests, such as ladybugs, lacewings, and predatory wasps, by providing habitat and avoiding the use of broad-spectrum pesticides that may harm beneficial insects.
                  • Plant flowering plants nearby to attract pollinators and beneficial insects that help control pest populations.
                • Physical Barriers:
                  • Install physical barriers, such as tree wraps or trunk guards, to protect fruit trees from crawling pests like ants and rodents.
                  • Use floating row covers or netting to exclude flying insects, birds, and other pests from accessing fruit trees.
                • Biological Control:
                  • Consider using biological control methods, such as releasing beneficial nematodes or predatory insects, to target specific pests while minimizing harm to non-target organisms.
                  • Introduce parasitic wasps, predatory mites, or other natural enemies of pest insects to help control populations without the need for chemical pesticides.
                • Integrated Pest Management (IPM):
                  • Implement an integrated pest management (IPM) approach that combines multiple pest control strategies, including cultural, biological, physical, and chemical methods, to effectively manage pest populations while minimizing environmental impact.
                  • Monitor pest populations regularly and use thresholds to determine when intervention is necessary, prioritizing the use of non-chemical control methods whenever possible.
                • Selective Pesticide Use:
                  • Use chemical pesticides as a last resort and only when non-chemical methods have proven ineffective or when pest populations exceed acceptable thresholds.
                  • Selectively choose pesticides that are least harmful to beneficial insects, pollinators, and the environment, and follow label instructions carefully to minimize risks to human health and the ecosystem.
                By following these pest management practices, you can help protect your fruit trees from pest damage while promoting a healthy and sustainable orchard ecosystem.

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